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In rail transport, a train is a vehicle or (more frequently) a string of vehicles capable of being moved along a continuous line of rails or other guideway for the purpose of conveying freight or passengers between points on a predetermined route. The train may be hauled or propelled by one or more vehicles designed exclusively for that purpose (locomotives) or may be driven by a number of motors incorporated in all or several of the vehicles (multiple units).

As of 2018^[update], there are approximately 1,052,000 kilometres (654,000 mi) of railway track in use worldwide. (World Bank (via Archive.org))

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Selected article of the week

Preston railway station serves the city of Preston in Lancashire, England, and is a major station on the West Coast Main Line. It is served by Northern Rail, Virgin Trains, and TransPennine Express services, plus First ScotRail overnight sleeper services between London and Scotland. When the station was first opened in 1838 by the North Union Railway, the line north of the station passed through a tunnel under the west end of Fishergate (then Preston’s major thoroughfare). It was on a slope so steep that sometimes station staff had to push trains out of the station. The station’s first expansion came in 1850 when the new East Lancashire line used new platforms staffed and managed by the East Lancashire Railway, with their own entrance and booking office in Butler Street. The condition of the station deteriorated to the extent that on 18 August 1866 part of the roof on the East Lancashire side collapsed injuring three people, one seriously. By then, 150 trains a day passed through the station. Eventually the station was rebuilt, at a cost of a quarter of a million pounds, reopening in July 1880.

Recently selected: Everard Calthrop - Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway - Altoona and Beech Creek Railroad

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Selected image of the week

The Government Bridge across the Mississippi River

An animated image of the Government Bridge spanning the Mississippi River between Rock Island, Illinois, and Davenport, Iowa. The animation shows the swing span rotating to open the channels beneath it for river traffic. The current bridge was completed in 1896.

Recently selected: Ukkopekka - FrontRunner - Churchgate Station

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Did you know...

...that the opening ceremonies of the Galway to Clifden railway were very sparsely attended because the event date was a strict church holiday and was reserved for attending church services?
...that following heavy damage to the Galveston Island Trolley track and cars from Hurricane Ike in 2008, substitute service with replica buses was operated until service resumed in October 2021?
...that although the former Santa Fe Railway's Galesburg station was demolished after regular passenger service to the station ended in 1996, the site is still used if derailments cause trains to use the Chillicothe Subdivision instead of the Mendota Subdivision?
...that the Fuzhou–Xiamen railway, which opened in 2010, was so heavily used that it reached capacity in 2015, spurring construction on the parallel Fuzhou–Xiamen high-speed railway for CRH passenger train services?

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Selected anniversaries

June 6

1910 – The US Railroad Safety Appliance Act of 1893 is further extended to mandate that no less than 85% of all railroad cars in an operating train must be equipped with air brakes.
1947 – The Pere Marquette Railway is merged into the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway.
1981 – In the Bihar train disaster, a passenger train travelling between Mansi and Saharsa, India, derails while crossing a bridge spanning the Bagmati river; 268 people die and 300 more are declared missing.
2005 – Siemens AG is awarded a contract to replace aging equipment in the signalling system (pictured) and install new telecommunications and electrical supply systems on Great Britain's Network Rail system as part of the railroad's Portsmouth Area Infrastructure Project. The contract is valued at £50 million.

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Train News

Santa Fe No. 2926 at Albuquerque, New Mexico
July 24, 2021 – Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe No. 2926, a 4-8-4 steam locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1944, moves under its own power for the first time since Christmas Eve of 1953, after nearly twenty-two years of being rebuilt by volunteers. The locomotive will be put into mainline excursion service. (NMSL&RHS, Trains Magazine on Facebook)
Big Boy No. 4012 at Steamtown National Historic Site
May 5, 2021 – Steamtown National Historic Site completes thorough cosmetic overhaul on Union Pacific 4-8-8-4 Big Boy No. 4012, which is moved back on static display before National Train Day. (NEPA Scene)
The derailed Taroko Express trainset, as seen from outside the entrance to the tunnel
April 2, 2021 – 2021 Hualien train derailment – A Taroko Express train operated by the Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) derails at the north entrance of Qingshui Tunnel in Heren Section, Xiulin Township, Hualien County, Taiwan, killing 49 people and injuring at least 200 others. North of Hualien City a construction truck had fallen down a slope onto the tracks. The eight-carriage train derailed after colliding with the truck, and then came to a rest in the tunnel, with severe damage and many casualties. (Bloomberg, CNN, CNA, New York Times, Financial Times)

The preserved C&O 1309 at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum in October 2009

December 31, 2020 – Following a complete restoration, Chesapeake and Ohio 1309, a 2-6-6-2 Mallet locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1949, the last steam locomotive built by Baldwin for the North American market, is operated under its own power for test runs. When returned to service on the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad, it will be the largest steam locomotive in regular scheduled service in the United States and take 2-8-0 No. 734’s place as the largest active steam locomotive in the state of Maryland. (Trains.com Newswire)

An Avelia Liberty train on a test run in Delaware in May 2020

September 28, 2020 – Amtrak operates a test run using one of the 28 new Avelia Liberty trains manufactured by Alstom along the full length of the Northeast Corridor to Boston South Station. Previous test runs had occurred from Washington, D.C., only as far north as New Jersey and Delaware. Barring any problems, the trains are expected to enter regular service on the route in 2021. (Universal Hub)

Berryessa/North San José station on the first day of service

June 13, 2020 – The Bay Area Rapid Transit Silicon Valley BART extension opened its stations in Milpitas and North San Jose. (San Jose Spotlight, SF Gate)

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General images

The following are images from various train-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1A Metropolitan line S8 Stock at Amersham in London (from Railroad car)
Image 2A large Amtrak and Metra coach yard just south of Chicago Union Station. About 25 percent of all rail traffic in the United States travels through the Chicago area. (from Rail yard)
Image 3Garratt locomotives in Zimbabwe (from Train)
Image 4The New Orleans Streetcar System is one of the oldest in the world. (from Train)
Image 5Trains carrying hazardous materials display information identifying their cargo and hazards. This tank car carrying chlorine displays, among other markings, a U.S. DOT placard showing a UN number that identifies the hazardous substance. (from Train)
Image 6This map of Cedar Hill Yard in Connecticut shows a variety of different facilities, including receiving yards, departure yards, classification yards, and a repair yard. (from Rail yard)
Image 7A wooden toy train set from Swedish manufacturer Brio (from Train)
Image 8Inside a modern-day car from Finland (from Railroad car)
Image 9Pacific National diesel locomotives in Australia showing three body types, cab unit (front), hood unit (middle) and box cab (rear) (from Locomotive)
Image 10British Rail Mark 3 coach, an all-steel car from the 1970s (from Railroad car)
Image 11A coach yard in Shanghai, China (from Rail yard)
Image 12A British Rail Class 150 in the United Kingdom (from Railroad car)
Image 13A narrow gauge battery-electric locomotive used for mining (from Locomotive)
Image 14The Union Pacific Big Boy locomotives represented the pinnacle of steam locomotive technology and power. (from Train)
Image 15A passenger car of the China Railway, 2011 (from Railroad car)
Image 16A China Railways HXD1D electric locomotive in China (from Locomotive)
Image 17Stockton and Darlington special inaugural train 1825: six wagons of coal, directors coach, then people in wagons (from Train)
Image 18A freight car (boxcar type) for the South Australian Railways, 1926 (from Railroad car)
Image 19The 1887 Daimler draisine (from Locomotive)
Image 20A Union Pacific freight train; high clearances enable double-stacked containers to be carried in well cars. (from Train)
Image 21The 1902 Maudslay Petrol Locomotive (from Locomotive)
Image 22An interior of a Circle line S7 Stock in London (from Railroad car)
Image 23Various types of railroad cars in a classification yard in the United States (from Train)
Image 24Variety of rolling stock in rail yard (from Rolling stock)
Image 25An early Diesel-mechanical locomotive at the North Alabama Railroad Museum (from Locomotive)
Image 26Škoda Artic light rail train near the cathedral in Tampere, Finland (from Train)
Image 27A narrow gauge train in Austria (from Train)
Image 28Arrival of the Normandy Train, Gare Saint-Lazare, by Claude Monet, 1877, Art Institute of Chicago (from Train)
Image 29A London Underground battery-electric locomotive at West Ham station used for hauling engineers' trains (from Locomotive)
Image 30A Victorian Railways R class steam locomotive in Australia (from Locomotive)
Image 31Workington stabling point in 1981, with locomotives from Classes 25, 40 and 47 parked between duties. (from Rail yard)
Image 32Soviet RT-23 Molodets ICBM launch train, in the St Petersburg museum (from Railroad car)
Image 33A preserved armored train (from Train)
Image 34Baltimore & Ohio electric engine, 1895 (from Locomotive)
Image 35Union Pacific 18, a gas turbine-electric locomotive preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum (from Locomotive)
Image 36A Tokyo Monorail train (from Train)
Image 37The EMD FT set the stage for diesel locomotives to take over from steam. (from Train)
Image 38The Japanese 0 Series Shinkansen pioneered high speed rail service. (from Train)
Image 39This cab car includes a horn (top), a bell (top right), headlights (above the door), classification lights (red lights on side), and ditch lights (white lights on side). (from Train)
Image 40Most derailments, such as this one in Switzerland, are minor and do not cause injuries or damage. (from Train)
Image 41Southern Railway (UK) 20002 was equipped with both pantograph and contact shoes (from Locomotive)
Image 42A number of maintenance vehicles at work on Metro-North Railroad (from Train)
Image 43China operates an extensive high speed rail network. (from Train)
Image 44A prototype of a Ganz AC electric locomotive in Valtellina, Italy, 1901 (from Locomotive)
Image 45The "hump" of a hump yard. Railcars travel past retarders, which control their speed, and are directed onto tracks to be assembled into new trains. The control tower operates the retarders. (from Rail yard)
Image 46Electric train on Djursholmsbanan in Stockholm in the 1890s. (from Train)
Image 47Second-class compartment of a China Railways CRH1A-A train (from Train)
Image 48Yard for Amtrak equipment, located next to the Los Angeles River. The two tracks on the left are the mainline. (from Rail yard)
Image 49Typical American extended vision caboose (from Railroad car)
Image 50Armored train Hurban located in Zvolen, Slovakia (from Railroad car)
Image 51World's first useful diesel locomotive (a diesel-electric locomotive) for long distances SŽD Eel2, 1924 in Kyiv (from Locomotive)
Image 52A German DB Class V 200 diesel-hydraulic locomotive at Technikmuseum, Berlin (from Locomotive)
Image 53A gas turbine locomotive operated by the Union Pacific Railroad (from Train)
Image 54Bombardier ALP-45DP at the Innotrans convention in Berlin (from Locomotive)
Image 55Werner von Siemens experimental DC electric train, 1879 (from Locomotive)
Image 56US-style railroad truck (bogie) with journal bearings (from Train)